In Doing So vs. In So Doing: Key Differences Explained with 14 Examples
The English language, while rich and expressive, can sometimes present subtle nuances that trip up even seasoned writers and speakers. Two such phrases, often confused due to their similar sound and structure, are “in doing so” and “in so doing.” While they appear almost interchangeable, understanding their precise usage can elevate the clarity and professionalism of your communication.
These phrases are not mere stylistic choices; they serve specific grammatical functions that impact sentence flow and meaning. Mastering their distinctions will help you avoid awkward phrasing and ensure your intended message is conveyed with precision.
Understanding the Core Difference
The fundamental distinction between “in doing so” and “in so doing” lies in their typical grammatical roles and the emphasis they place. While both connect an action to its consequence or result, their placement and preferred usage can vary.
“In doing so” is generally more common in modern English and often functions as a conjunctive adverbial phrase. It typically follows the action it refers to, clearly linking the preceding clause to the subsequent result or consequence.
Conversely, “in so doing” is considered more formal and slightly archaic by some, though it remains perfectly correct. Its structure can sometimes place more emphasis on the “so,” referring back to a previously mentioned manner or method of action.
“In Doing So”: Linking Action and Consequence
This phrase acts as a bridge, explicitly stating that a particular action has been performed, and this performance leads to a specific outcome.
It’s a straightforward way to show causality. When you describe an action, “in doing so” immediately signals that the next part of the sentence explains what happened as a direct result of that action.
The flexibility of “in doing so” makes it a versatile tool for connecting ideas in a logical progression.
Example 1: Clarifying a Process
The team meticulously reviewed the project proposal, identifying potential risks and areas for improvement.
In doing so, they were able to present a more robust and well-researched plan to the stakeholders.
This example clearly shows that the act of reviewing led directly to the improved plan.
Example 2: Describing a Strategic Move
The company decided to invest heavily in renewable energy sources, phasing out its reliance on fossil fuels.
In doing so, it not only reduced its environmental impact but also positioned itself for long-term growth in a changing market.
Here, the investment and phasing out are the actions, and the reduced impact and market positioning are the results.
Example 3: Explaining a Personal Decision
She decided to pursue a career change, enrolling in a graduate program to gain new skills.
In doing so, she opened herself up to new opportunities and a more fulfilling professional life.
The decision to enroll is the action, leading to new opportunities.
Example 4: Demonstrating a Scientific Principle
The scientist carefully controlled the temperature and pressure within the reaction chamber.
In doing so, he ensured the experiment would yield accurate and reproducible results.
The controlled conditions are the action, ensuring accurate results.
Example 5: Illustrating a Technical Procedure
The technician recalibrated the sensitive instrument according to the manufacturer’s specifications.
In doing so, he restored its accuracy and prevented potential errors in future measurements.
The recalibration is the action, leading to restored accuracy.
“In So Doing”: Emphasizing the Method
This construction often carries a slightly more formal tone and can sometimes emphasize the manner in which an action was performed.
It’s a more concise way to link an action with its consequence, and it can feel more elegant in certain contexts.
While less common in everyday speech, “in so doing” is still prevalent in formal writing and legal or academic documents.
Example 6: Formalizing a Legal Statement
The defendant admitted to signing the contract without fully reading its terms.
In so doing, he implicitly agreed to all conditions stipulated within the document.
This phrasing adds a layer of formality to the admission and its legal implication.
Example 7: Academic Discourse
The researchers employed a novel statistical model to analyze the data.
In so doing, they were able to uncover subtle correlations previously missed by traditional methods.
The emphasis here is on the specific method used for analysis.
Example 8: Historical Narration
The general ordered his troops to advance under the cover of darkness.
In so doing, he hoped to achieve a surprise attack and minimize casualties.
The manner of advancing (under darkness) is highlighted.
Example 9: Philosophical Argument
One must cultivate self-awareness and critical thinking skills.
In so doing, individuals can better navigate complex ethical dilemmas.
This emphasizes the development of specific skills as the means to an end.
Example 10: Technical Documentation
Ensure the system is powered down before attempting any internal repairs.
In so doing, you will prevent electrical damage to the components.
The specific action of powering down is emphasized as the protective measure.
Placement and Flow: Where Do They Fit?
The placement of these phrases within a sentence can subtly alter the rhythm and emphasis. “In doing so” often appears at the beginning of a new sentence or clause, clearly signaling the consequence of the preceding thought.
“In so doing” can also start a sentence but sometimes feels more integrated when placed slightly differently, though starting a sentence is still common and correct.
Consider the desired flow. If you want a very direct cause-and-effect link, “in doing so” might feel more natural. If a more formal or slightly nuanced connection is needed, “in so doing” can be effective.
Example 11: Direct Causality
The runner pushed himself to break his personal record during the final mile.
In doing so, he collapsed from exhaustion shortly after crossing the finish line.
The action directly and immediately led to the consequence.
Example 12: Emphasizing the Action’s Nature
The chef meticulously prepared each ingredient, using traditional techniques passed down through generations.
In so doing, he created a dish that was both authentic and exquisitely flavorful.
The emphasis is on the traditional techniques used.
Modern Usage Trends
“In doing so” has become the more prevalent and generally preferred phrase in contemporary writing. Its straightforward construction makes it easily understood and less prone to misinterpretation.
While “in so doing” is not incorrect, its use can sometimes signal a more formal or literary style. Overusing it in casual contexts might sound slightly stilted to some readers.
However, in academic papers, legal documents, or highly formal speeches, “in so doing” can still lend an appropriate air of gravitas and precision.
Example 13: Everyday Communication
I’ve started setting aside a small amount of money each week for emergencies.
In doing so, I feel much more financially secure and less stressed about unexpected expenses.
This is a common, relatable scenario where “in doing so” fits perfectly.
Example 14: Formal Contractual Language
The licensee shall maintain adequate insurance coverage as specified in Exhibit A.
In so doing, the licensee shall indemnify and hold harmless the licensor from any claims arising from the licensed activities.
The formal context justifies the use of “in so doing.”
Choosing the Right Phrase
When deciding between the two, consider your audience and the context. For most general writing, business communications, and everyday interactions, “in doing so” is the safer and more natural choice.
If you are aiming for a highly formal tone, or if you specifically want to emphasize the manner of the action in a more traditional way, “in so doing” can be employed effectively.
Ultimately, both phrases serve to connect an action with its result, but their subtle differences in tone and prevalence are worth noting for polished writing.